FHA loans are backed by the Federal Housing Administration. That means the government insures the loan if you default. Because of that insurance, lenders take more risk on you — lower credit scores, higher debt-to-income ratios, smaller down payments.
Down payment: 3.5 percent minimum. Credit score: 580 or higher, though some lenders go to 560. Debt-to-income ratio: up to 50 percent of your gross monthly income can go to housing and other debts.
The tradeoff: you pay mortgage insurance. That’s an upfront premium at closing — around 1.75 percent of the loan amount — and a monthly fee on top of your mortgage payment. On a 250,000 dollar loan, that’s roughly 4,375 dollars upfront and 150 to 200 dollars a month.
Conventional Loan Basics
Conventional loans aren’t government-backed. The lender carries all the risk. Because of that, they’re stricter on credit and down payment.
Down payment: typically three to five percent minimum, though some go lower. Credit score: usually 620 or higher, though better credit gets better rates. Debt-to-income ratio: typically capped at 43 to 50 percent.
If you put down less than 20 percent, you also pay mortgage insurance — but it’s usually cheaper than FHA mortgage insurance and it drops off once you hit 20 percent equity.
FHA vs. Conventional: The Real Comparison
Rick walks borrowers through this constantly. Here’s the frame: If your credit is below 600, FHA is your only option. If your credit is 620 or higher and you’ve got three to five percent down, conventional might be cheaper long-term because mortgage insurance is lower and it eventually drops off.
If you’re buying a fixer-upper or a non-standard property, FHA has restrictions — some won’t finance properties that need major work. Conventional is more flexible.
If you’re buying in a hot market and you want to move fast, conventional approval is sometimes faster because there’s less government paperwork.
If you’re stretching your debt-to-income ratio, FHA allows higher ratios — you might qualify for FHA when conventional says no.
The Math That Actually Matters
Let’s say you’re buying a 300,000 dollar home with three and a half percent down — 10,500 dollars.
FHA scenario: Borrow 289,500 dollars. Upfront mortgage insurance is 5,066 dollars — rolls into your loan. Monthly mortgage insurance is about 172 dollars. Your total loan is now 294,566 dollars. Your monthly payment on principal and interest is around 1,470 dollars. Add property tax, homeowners insurance, and mortgage insurance, you’re at roughly 2,000 dollars a month.
Conventional scenario: Borrow 291,000 dollars. Monthly mortgage insurance is about 145 dollars because rates are lower. Your monthly payment is around 1,450 dollars. Add taxes and insurance, you’re at roughly 1,950 dollars a month. Once you hit 20 percent equity, mortgage insurance drops off entirely.
The FHA payment is higher long-term. But FHA got you approved when your credit was 590. That’s the tradeoff.
When Rick Recommends FHA
Credit below 620. Limited down payment savings and no gift money available. Higher debt-to-income ratio — you’re borderline on conventional.
When Rick Recommends Conventional
Credit 640 or higher. Three to five percent down and you’re comfortable with that payment. You plan to stay in the home long enough for mortgage insurance to drop.
VA and USDA — Don’t Forget These
If you served in the military, VA loans are zero down, no mortgage insurance, and competitive rates. If you’re buying in a rural or eligible suburban area, USDA loans are similar — zero down, no mortgage insurance.
Both beat FHA and conventional if you qualify. Rick checks these first before running FHA numbers.
The Rate Difference
FHA rates and conventional rates move together, but conventional is usually slightly lower — maybe 0.25 percent. On a 300,000 dollar loan, that’s roughly 50 dollars a month difference. Over 30 years, that adds up.
Your Decision Framework
Ask yourself: What’s my credit score? How much down payment do I have? How long do I plan to stay in this home? Am I military or buying rural?
Rick runs both scenarios — FHA and conventional — shows you the 30-year cost on each, and you pick based on actual numbers, not guessing.
Your Next Step
You’re ready to compare. Rick Cogswell walks you through FHA vs. Conventional with your actual numbers so you know exactly what you’re paying and why. Chat with me below or call 954-734-4440, and we’ll map out exactly what works for your situation. Or visit www.RickCogswell.com to get started right now.